01 Oct, 2023

Investing in Indonesia: The 2023 Mid-Year Investment Report

Indonesia recorded some US$44 billion in combined domestic and foreign investments for the first half of 2023 (January – June), according to data from the Investment Coordinating Board, or the BKPM. The country is on track to surpass its combined total domestic and foreign investment target of 1,400 trillion rupiah (US$92 billion).

During the first half of 2023, Indonesia recorded 363 trillion rupiah (US$23 billion) in foreign investment and 315 trillion rupiah (US$20.4 billion) in domestic investments.

Indonesia recorded an estimated US$43 billion in foreign investment in 2022, an increase of 44 percent from 2021 and the highest in the country’s history. When combined with domestic investments, this totals to US$80 billion, an increase of 34 percent from 2021.

Notable sectors that attracted major foreign investment in the first half 2023

Basic metal mining

The basic metal mining sector continues to dominate the foreign investment landscape in Indonesia.

The sector recorded 89 trillion rupiah (US$5.7 billion) in foreign and domestic investments for the first half of 2023.

The sector has been boosted by global demand for nickel ores, ferronickel, and nickel pig iron, in addition to the development of the downstream metal industry. Indonesia has fully banned the export of raw nickel ores since 2020 followed by other raw commodities such as bauxite.

Home to the largest nickel reserves of approximately 22 million tons, Indonesia’s government has been focused on leveraging these reserves to attract investments to develop local smelters. As such, the export value of processed nickel contributed significantly to government revenues in 2022, reaching US$30 billion; a huge increase from just US$1 billion in 2015.

Further, nickel is an important component for electric vehicle (EV) batteries, an industry in which Indonesia is aiming to become an EV manufacturing hub—the country is targeting to become one of the top three global producers for EV batteries by 2027.

Transportation and telecommunications

According to the BKPM, Indonesia’s transportation and telecommunication sectors received some 79 trillion rupiah (US$5.1 billion) in foreign and domestic investments in the first half of 2023. An estimated US$3.1 billion of this total came from foreign investments.

Unequal economic development in Indonesia has resulted in many regions outside of the island of Java requiring the optimizing and modernizing of infrastructure and public transport. As such, the Indonesian government is encouraging investments in transport infrastructure through alternative funding mechanisms such as Public Private Partnerships.

Indonesia’s telecommunications sector is one of the fastest growing in Asia, driven by new mobile technology, and changing consumer behavior. With a market size that is expected to grow to over US$14 billion in 2028 from US$13 billion in 2023, the industry is currently supported by 212 million internet users and 338 million mobile connections (the third largest in the world). The information and communication sector has thus a bright outlook with Indonesia’s potential to be the region’s most promising ICT sector yet to be unleashed.

Mining

Foreign and domestic investments in Indonesia’s mining sector reached 71 trillion rupiah (US$4.6 billion) in the first half of 2023. From this total, an estimated US$2.1 billion came from foreign investments.

In addition to mineral ores, the country is home to an abundance of coal and gold of which the majority is exported.

Indonesia is the world’s third-largest exporter of coal and the world’s largest exporter of thermal coal. Around 687 million tons of sedimentary rock were produced in 2022, from which 494 million tons were exported. For 2023, the government is targeting coal exports to reach record 518 million tons out of a total production of 695 million tons. In terms of gold production, Indonesia produced 70 metric tons in 2022, ranking it ninth globally. At its height, the country produced 139 metric tons of gold in 2019. Further, Indonesia’s estimated 3.5 billion tons in gold reserves make it the fifth largest reserve in the world after Australia, Russia, South Africa, and the United States.

Residential, industrial zones, and office space

Housing, industrial zones, and office space recorded 58 trillion rupiah (US$3.7 billion) for the first half of 2023.

Indonesia’s government has made the development of the country’s industrial and special economic zones (SEZ) a priority policy with the aim of attracting over US$50 billion in foreign investment over the next decade, particularly for SEZ-oriented manufacturing.

Investors operating in these zones will find they are supported by well-integrated infrastructure from highways, drainage systems, high-speed internet and communication systems, ports, and airports. Moreover, the Indonesian government has prepared an array of fiscal and non-fiscal incentives in its special economic zones, such as an easier immigration process, corporate income tax reductions, and exemptions on import duties and excise duties, among many others.

Commercial real estate firm Colliers Indonesia noted that occupancy rates for office space in Jakarta’s central business district Indonesia’s current capital, Jakarta, was at 73.7 percent as businesses saw the return of employees to their offices. It is expected that most developers will be focused on maximizing existing properties in the short term. Jakarta is predicted to see an estimated 700,000sqm of new office supply by 2025.

Chemicals and pharmaceuticals

Chemicals and pharmaceuticals recorded 48 trillion (US$3.1 billion) in combined foreign and domestic investments so far this year.

Indonesia is the largest pharmaceutical market in Southeast Asia and is expected to expand to over US$11 billion in 2025 from US$7.6 billion in 2020. However, the industry is still highly dependent on the import of raw materials—some 90 percent of the pharmaceutical raw material supply. Generic drugs are the largest segment of the country’s pharmaceutical market.

Demand for pharmaceutical products and healthcare, in general, is increasing in Indonesia mainly due to a rapidly growing consumer class and better access to healthcare facilities. The country has the world’s largest free healthcare program with some 246 million participants. Those registered with the BPJS program are eligible to receive free health services ranging from simple dental check-ups to serious procedures, such as organ transplants.

Conclusion

In summary, Indonesia’s diverse investment opportunities across these sectors demonstrate the country’s commitment to economic growth and development. With a clear focus on infrastructure, resources, and emerging industries, Indonesia is positioning itself as an attractive destination for both domestic and foreign investors, setting the stage for continued economic expansion in the years ahead.

04 Oct, 2023

Lao PM Highlights Key Measures to Address Economic Crisis in Cabinet Meeting

Following the drastic fall of the Lao kip to a record low against foreign currencies in September, Prime Minister Sonexay Siphandone has urged immediate action.  On 28–29 September, PM Sonexay called on deputy prime ministers, government members, ministry representatives, provincial leaders, and other relevant parties present at the monthly Cabinet meeting to focus on solving inflation, exchange rates, commodity prices, and foreign debts.“This includes measures to intervene in the price of essential commodities, especially rice, meat, fish, and eggs, as well as exchange rate management measures, measures to implement credit policy for production, and other measures defined in the order,” said PM Sonexay.The prime minister urged the attendees of the meeting to continue promoting and monitoring approved projects to ensure their prompt and successful completion, particularly to encourage them to open accounts for payment through the banking system, in order to draw in more foreign currency and generate quick revenue for the state.He exhorted the concerned parties to expedite a methodical inspection and reevaluation of ongoing projects adding, “any project that is not progressing, progressing slowly, or violating the contract and related laws should be decisively canceled.”The country leader also advised the appropriate authorities to prioritize the enhancement of revenue collection mechanisms at international checkpoints in order to reach or exceed the state target.“Efforts to improve management and prevent leakage of state budget revenue must continue in the interim,” stated Sonexay. “The decrees on saving and anti-luxury as well as on state vehicles must be implemented.”Additionally, PM Sonexay advised the pertinent parties to continue preparing the national socio-economic development plan, state budget plan, and currency strategy for 2024 and to prioritize implementing the remaining three months of the 2023 socio-economic development plan.

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29 Sep, 2023

Integrating Web2 and Web3 for a Sustainable Economic Model: LADT’s Approach

Tokenomics is an important concept to consider when making an investment decision because ultimately a project that has smart and well-designed incentives to buy and hold tokens for the long haul is more likely to outlast and do better than a project that hasn’t built an ecosystem around its token. A well-built platform often translates into higher demand over time as new investors flock to the project, which, in turn, boosts prices.In this article, we will delve into the economic models utilized by both the ASEAN USD and NGT. Furthermore, we will explore how LADT’s fusion of Web2 and Web3 methodologies, along with the integration of external income sources, nurtures a sustainable positive feedback loop within the ecosystem.The General StructureAccording to the CAICT (China Academy of Information and Communications Technology), out of the over 80,000 blockchain projects ever launched, only 8% remain active today. Furthermore, among these projects, 97% lack external sources of income.Differing from traditional DeFi projects where project revenues go to the treasury, and the treasury conducts buybacks to create token appreciation, the LADT economic model departs from the conventional Web3 pattern and actively integrates the financial flow from NewPay, Laos’ leading mobile digital payment platform (17M+ US dollars monthly payment volume), along with its existing user base (500K+ active users) .This enables both the Web3 ecosystem itself and a portion of the revenue generated from NewPay’s traditional business to flow into the treasury. The treasury, in turn, offers yields higher than the market average (settled in NGT) to users participating in staking, as well as conducts NGT buybacks to induce deflation, leading to an increase in NGT’s price.The Web2 economic circleASEAN USD can be minted directly with the US Dollar and some of the ASEAN fiat currencies, such as the Singapore Dollar, Thai Baht, Vietnamese Dong, and Lao Kip, with 100% reserve backing (Reserves are held 100% in US dollar deposits, US treasuries and cash equivalents).Businesses can open a LADT Account to exchange ASEAN fiats or US dollars for ASEAN USD. When a business deposits ASEAN fiats or US dollars into their LADT Account, LADT issues the equivalent amount of ASEAN USD to the business. The process of issuing new ASEAN USD is known as “minting”. This process creates new ASEAN USD in circulation.Similarly, when a business wants to exchange their ASEAN USD for ASEAN fiats or US dollars, the business can deposit ASEAN USD into their LADT Account and request to receive ASEAN fiats or US dollars. This process of redeeming ASEAN USD is known as “burning”. This process takes ASEAN USD out of circulation.A portion of the ASEAN USD minted will be introduced into the NewPay ecosystem, catering to retail customers for purchases, and enhancing liquidity through offline mobile payment. Another portion will be allocated to the Neway lending platform (The LADT lending platform, constructed on an EVM-compatible protocol, which will be elaborated upon later).Meanwhile, the profits generated by the reserve, NewPay, and the lending platform (Neway) will all be directed into the treasury, offering attractive yields to the businesses.The Web3 economic circleThe Web3 economic circle of LADT is based on an EVM compatible protocol that enables supplying of crypto assets as collateral in order to borrow the base asset. Accounts can also earn interest by supplying the base asset to the protocol. In the following text, we refer to the lending protocol operating platform as “Neway”.Retail client can use BTC, ETH, and some cryptocurrencies specified by Neway as collateral to exchange for ASEAN USD. They can then stake ASEAN USD and NGT in a combination of assets to earn high yields denominated in NGT. It is important to note that a collateralized asset can activate users’ borrowing capacity, but will be made available to be partially liquidated when your balance becomes insolvent.Neway provides attractive yields ranging from 4% to 8% APY to encourage individuals to stake ASEAN USD. The initial staking requires the purchase of NGT, after which participants can begin staking with a 30% NGT and 70% ASEAN USD ratio.Stakers have the option to receive their full earnings upon maturity (vesting periods: 90 days) or choose early withdrawal with a partial loss of earnings.As mentioned earlier, the profits from Neway will also flow into the treasury. At the same time, the treasury will engage in NGT buybacks to create deflation, thereby increasing the token’s value.SecurityThe security of the LADT protocol is our highest priority; our development team, alongside third-party auditors and consultants, has invested considerable effort to make sure the protocol that we adopt is safe and dependable. All contract code and balances are publicly verifiable, and security researchers are eligible for a bug bounty for reporting undiscovered vulnerabilities.We believe that size, visibility, and time are the true test for the security of a smart contract; please exercise caution, and make your own determination of security and suitability.SummaryIn summary, within this economic model, tokens transcend their conventional role as simple mediums for value exchange and transform into tools for both acquiring users and generating value.This profit reallocation process not only amplifies user activity and loyalty but also incentivizes greater user engagement, propelling the overall growth of the ecosystem. Furthermore, with the infusion of strong external income, the entire economic model achieves sustainability.

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